The Black Flag Army was a bandit and mercenary group recruited largely from ethnic Zhuang and former Taiping soldiers, active in northern Vietnam from the 1860s to 1885. Led by Liu Yongfu, they fought against French colonial forces and other bandits, operating under Vietnamese and Chinese sponsorship. The army was officially disbanded in 1885 due to the Treaty of Tientsin, but remnants continued guerrilla warfare.
CRIMENET has extracted 3 linkages for this organization, including 2 conflicts across 2 organizations, 1 other connections and footprints in 3 countries.
In 1887, Black Flag bandits remained sufficiently powerful to ransack and pillage Luang Prabang.
Liu Yongfu revived the Black Flag Army again in 1895 in response to the Japanese invasion of Taiwan
crossed the border in 1865 from Guangxi , China into northern Vietnam